Victor Liu

Causeway seeks to achieve superior returns over full market cycles while generally taking the level of risk commensurate with the return potential. The firm combines fundamental and quantitative research disciplines to manage global, international, emerging markets, small-cap, and sustainable strategies. They use a proprietary corporate governance assessment score that ranks companies in the developed and emerging markets based on several bottom-up and top-down corporate governance measures.

Causeway seeks to achieve superior returns over full market cycles while generally taking the level of risk commensurate with the return potential. The firm combines fundamental and quantitative research disciplines to manage global, international, emerging markets, small-cap, and sustainable strategies. They use a proprietary corporate governance assessment score that ranks companies in the developed and emerging markets based on several bottom-up and top-down corporate governance measures.

FPA seeks investment opportunities based primarily on a value investing style. The firm strives to generate market-beating returns over the long-term, while emphasizing preservation of capital. Their equity and fixed income styles are linked by a common fundamental value orientation. FPA aims to provide a consistent, risk-adjusted and disciplined approach to long-term investing in individual securities with the objective of achieving superior total returns for client portfolios over market cycles.

Operates as a management consulting firm

MLAM's worldwide approach to equity investing uses a philosophy of identifying relative value among individual stocks and stock markets by focusing primarily on two variables: reinvestment rate and the price-to-book value ratio. There are seven additional screens employed to further refine the process. The factors used to identify value include price-to-cash flow, price-to-earnings ratios, past and future earnings growth and dividend payouts. For asset allocation, a country whose market valuation measurements seem consistently above or below world averages or its own historical averages are over or under-weighted accordingly. The degrees of over or under-weighting are determined by relative economic prospects as measured by the outlook for GNP, inflation and interest rates of each country and their impact on currency movements. By combining a value approach to individual stock selection with asset allocation by country, the firm seeks to achieve consistent performance relative to international equity indexes. MLAM combines top-down and bottom-up analysis and uses proprietary models as part of their research process. Their funds are team-managed.